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Awaab's Law, RSH standards and building safety, UK wide

Social Housing Health and Safety

Social landlords now operate under proactive consumer regulation, statutory repair timeframes and a hazard rating system that was rebuilt in 2026, all of it evidenced against stock condition data most providers know is imperfect. AL23 Safety provides building safety, fire safety and health and safety support to registered providers, council landlords and ALMOs across the UK.

Why it matters in social housing

The risks are real and so are the duties

The Social Housing (Regulation) Act 2023 changed the regulatory model rather than adding to it. It removed the serious detriment test, enabled proactive consumer regulation, gave the Regulator of Social Housing powers of inspection, unlimited fines, performance improvement plan notices and emergency remedial action, created the Awaab's Law powers and enabled the Competence and Conduct Standard direction. RSH inspects large landlords of 1,000 homes or more roughly every four years and grades them C1 to C4. The grade is published. It moves lender confidence, board composition and the tone of every subsequent conversation with the regulator.

The complaints route moved at the same time. The Housing Ombudsman Complaint Handling Code became statutory on 1 April 2024. The Ombudsman's Annual Complaints Review for 2024 and 2025 records 7,082 determinations, up 30 per cent year on year, with 71 per cent of investigated complaints upheld and 714 severe maladministration findings. Of those, 504 were property condition. Property condition findings rose 43 per cent to 5,839. Compensation ordered or recommended reached £5.4 million across 9,656 orders, averaging £947 per upheld case. The Ombudsman has published over 100 severe maladministration cases on damp and mould alone. None of that is a fine. All of it is public.

This page is about the regulated social landlord specifically. Our health and safety in housing and property page covers the general occupational and premises duties that fall on landlords, managing agents and property companies of any tenure. If your obligations run through RSH, the Housing Ombudsman and Awaab's Law, this is the right page.

The main risks

Where the harm comes from

Damp and mould

It is now assessed five ways at once, under HHSRS, Decent Homes criterion E, Safety and Quality outcome 3, Awaab's Law timeframes and Ombudsman casework so a repaint without a cause investigation fails all five.

Overdue statutory checks

Fire risk assessment actions open beyond target, lapsed EICRs, legionella reviews and lift inspections are the most common RSH consumer regulation findings and they are findings about records as much as about safety.

Unreliable stock condition data

The Safety and Quality Standard requires an accurate, up to date and evidenced understanding of the condition of homes, which is exactly what a stale survey programme cannot supply.

Compartmentation and fire doors in blocks

Riser penetrations, missing self-closers and damaged seals defeat the stay put strategy that most existing blocks were designed around.

Vulnerable residents in tall buildings

Identifying who needs help to evacuate, with consent and at scale, is a data and engagement problem before it is a fire problem.

Contractor and repair delivery

Awaab's Law is measured in working days so a duty is breached by a supply chain and a scheduling system rather than by a decision.

The regulations that apply

Your legal framework, in plain terms

Start with the consumer standards. Four standards took effect on 1 April 2024, being Safety and Quality, Transparency, Influence and Accountability, Neighbourhood and Community and Tenancy. The Safety and Quality Standard sets five required outcomes covering stock quality, decency, health and safety, repairs and maintenance and adaptations. Its health and safety outcome requires landlords to take all reasonable steps to ensure the health and safety of tenants in their homes and associated communal areas, to identify all applicable legal health and safety requirements and to complete the required assessments and remedial actions within appropriate timescales. RSH published revised standards on 9 July 2026, following a consultation that ran from 9 December 2025 to 3 March 2026. They come into force on 1 October 2026. The Competence and Conduct Standard becomes a separate standard in its own right and the Social Tenant Access to Information Requirements are folded into a revised Transparency, Influence and Accountability Standard, with transition periods for parts of both. On competence, senior housing managers need a Level 4 housing management qualification and senior housing executives a Level 5 or foundation degree, with three years to comply for large providers, four years for small providers and 12 months from starting for new in-scope staff.

Awaab's Law phase 1 has been in force since 27 October 2025, implemented by the Hazards in Social Housing (Prescribed Requirements) (England) Regulations 2025, SI 2025/1042, which insert requirements into the Landlord and Tenant Act 1985. For an emergency hazard, meaning any hazard presenting a significant and imminent risk of harm, you must investigate within 24 hours and carry out relevant safety work within 24 hours. For a significant damp and mould hazard, you must investigate within 10 working days, provide a written summary within three working days of concluding the investigation, carry out relevant safety work within five working days of concluding it and begin supplementary preventative work within five working days or take steps to begin it, with a physical start within 12 weeks. Phase 2 extends the duty to excess cold and excess heat, falls, structural collapse and explosions, fire, electrical hazards, domestic and personal hygiene and food safety. Phase 3 extends to the remaining hazards other than overcrowding. Government guidance gives the years 2026 and 2027 for those phases and no more than that so we write them as expected rather than as fixed dates.

The condition standards moved as well. The New Decent Homes Standard policy statement was published on 28 January 2026 with five criteria. Criterion A is safety from Category 1 hazards under HHSRS. Criterion B is state of repair. Criterion C is core facilities and it now requires child-resistant restrictors on all windows presenting a fall risk. Criterion D is thermal comfort with minimum energy efficiency standards. Criterion E is freedom from damp and mould. Full compliance in the social rented sector is set for 2035, with MEES stage 1 by 1 April 2030 and stage 2 by 1 April 2039. Underneath it, the new Housing Health and Safety Rating System came into force on 23 June 2026 under SI 2026/571, the first major revision in 20 years. It reduces 29 hazards to 21, introduces a new scoring methodology, new descriptive terms and new baseline indicators and comes with statutory Operating Guidance and Enforcement Guidance both dated 23 June 2026. From 22 June 2026 councils can issue a £7,000 civil penalty for failing to fix serious hazards in rented homes.

Electrical safety is the duty most often missed in a compliance calendar built before 2025. The private rented sector regime has been extended to social tenancies in England. The requirements are inspection and testing of the fixed installation at intervals of no more than five years by a qualified person, an EICR issued to the tenant within 28 days of inspection or before a new tenant takes occupation, remedial work completed within 28 days and in-service inspection and testing of any electrical appliances the landlord supplies as part of the tenancy at a risk assessed frequency, evidenced alongside the EICR at a minimum of five yearly. Commencement runs from November 2025 for new tenancies and May 2026 for existing tenancies. Local housing authorities enforce, with a maximum financial penalty of £40,000 and a landlord is not in breach where all reasonable steps have been taken but access cannot be obtained. One honest caveat. We were unable to verify the final statutory instrument number or the exact commencement day from a primary source and several secondary sources give 1 November 2025. The five year interval, the 28 day rules and the £40,000 ceiling come from the government response and are reliable. The precise day is worth confirming against the instrument before you write it into a policy. Our fixed wire testing and EICR page covers the inspection itself.

Fire safety in social housing

Height bands, stay put and the evacuation plan tail

The Fire Safety (England) Regulations 2022 have applied since 23 January 2023 and are banded by height. Every building with two or more sets of domestic premises must give residents fire safety instructions appropriate to the evacuation strategy and information on the importance of fire doors. Above 11 metres, flat entrance doors must be checked annually on a best endeavours basis and all fire doors in the common parts quarterly, with records kept including refused access. At 18 metres or seven storeys the duties step up to electronic building floor plans and a block plan for the fire and rescue service, a secure information box, external wall system information with notification of material changes, monthly checks of firefighting and evacuation lifts and other key equipment with faults reported to the fire and rescue service if they cannot be fixed within 24 hours and wayfinding signage visible in low light or smoke.

Where you own a higher-risk building of 18 metres or seven storeys with two or more residential units, Part 4 of the Building Safety Act 2022 applies in occupation. That means registration with the Building Safety Regulator, identification of the Accountable Persons and the Principal Accountable Person, a safety case and a safety case report, a building assessment certificate when directed, mandatory occurrence reporting, a resident engagement strategy and a complaints procedure and the golden thread of building information maintained throughout. The higher-risk building definition was reviewed and left unchanged, confirmed on 17 December 2025.

The change with the largest operational tail is the Fire Safety (Residential Evacuation Plans) (England) Regulations 2025, in force since 6 April 2026. They cover all high-rise residential buildings and any multi-residential building over 11 metres operating a simultaneous evacuation strategy. You must use reasonable efforts to identify relevant residents, offer each a person-centred fire risk assessment, record the agreed approach in a written residential emergency evacuation statement and give the resident a copy, share prescribed information with the fire and rescue authority only with explicit consent and prepare a building emergency evacuation plan reviewed annually. Doing that across a thousand flats is a consent, data protection and tenancy engagement exercise as much as a fire safety one.

Underneath all of it sits the question of whether stay put is still supportable. Stay put is not a policy choice. It is a conclusion drawn from the condition of compartmentation, the external wall system, flat entrance doors and any smoke control system. Where those are known to be defective, the fire risk assessment has to move the building to simultaneous evacuation, which then triggers the alarm provision and, above 11 metres, the residential evacuation plan duties. We will tell you when the evidence no longer supports the strategy in your file.

How we help

Built around your operation

We work to the compliance calendar and the board assurance report you already produce, rather than issuing a parallel document set nobody has time to read. Where work needs a registered electrician, an engineer surveyor or a laboratory, we scope it, appoint the right specialist, interpret the results and turn them into an action plan you can actually deliver.

  • Fire risk assessment programmes across general needs, sheltered and supported stock, recorded in full to meet section 156 of the Building Safety Act 2022, with actions prioritised and tracked to closure.
  • BAFE SP205 third-party certified fire risk assessments, independently certificated by SSAIB, where your board or your insurer wants certificated assurance.
  • Fire door inspection programmes structured to the annual flat entrance and quarterly communal intervals that apply above 11 metres.
  • Compartmentation surveys and stay put strategy review, including the evidence base for moving a block to simultaneous evacuation.
  • Residential evacuation plan implementation, covering identification of relevant residents, person-centred fire risk assessments, evacuation statements and the building emergency evacuation plan.
  • Awaab's Law readiness, mapping your triage, inspection, notification and works processes against the 24 hour, three, five and ten working day and 12 week requirements, then testing them against live cases.
  • Damp and mould technical investigation covering ventilation adequacy, whether mechanical extract actually performs, thermal performance, fabric defects and condensation risk, with reports written to show cause rather than symptom.
  • Building safety case reports and Accountable Person support for higher-risk buildings.
  • Statutory compliance gap analysis across the big six and electrical safety, aligned to the Tenant Satisfaction Measures you report.

Why AL23 Safety

Sector-aware support that gets used

Accountable

If your stock condition data will not support the Safety and Quality Standard or your stay put strategy is no longer evidenced, we put that in writing. Regulatory findings hurt less when they are yours first.

Practical, not just compliant

Our reports are written to be lifted straight into a board assurance pack and a repairs work order, with named actions, owners and target dates rather than observations.

One team, three disciplines

Health and safety, fire safety and fire engineering in-house so a compartmentation defect, an evacuation strategy question and a remediation design decision are handled by one team.

Nationwide

We support registered providers, council landlords and ALMOs across the UK from our Manchester base.

Get in touch

Start with the thing the regulator would ask about first

Tell us your stock profile, your tallest buildings and where your compliance data is weakest. We will scope the first phase around the exposure, not around the easiest survey to sell.

Common questions

Answers, up front

Cannot see your question? Get in touch and we will answer it directly.

Contact us

Phase 1 has been in force since 27 October 2025 and covers emergency hazards and significant damp and mould hazards. Emergency hazards require investigation and relevant safety work within 24 hours. Damp and mould requires investigation within 10 working days, a written summary within three working days of concluding it, safety work within five working days and preventative work started within five working days with a physical start inside 12 weeks. Later phases extend the duty to fire, electrical, excess cold and heat, falls and other hazards during 2026 and 2027, which are expected years rather than confirmed dates.

The revised consumer standards were published on 9 July 2026 and come into force on 1 October 2026. Competence and Conduct becomes a separate standard with qualification requirements for senior housing managers and executives and the Social Tenant Access to Information Requirements move into a revised Transparency, Influence and Accountability Standard. Transition periods apply to parts of both. The Safety and Quality expectations do not soften.

Yes, in substance. From 23 June 2026 there are 21 hazards rather than 29, with a new scoring methodology, new descriptive terms and new baseline indicators, plus statutory Operating and Enforcement Guidance dated the same day. Anything scored under the old system is on a different basis from anything scored after that date. Surveyor briefing, survey forms and the asset management system all need re-basing and councils can now issue a £7,000 civil penalty for failing to fix serious hazards.

The drivers are stock numbers, how many blocks exceed 11 and 18 metres, how many higher-risk buildings you hold and how complete your existing records are. A single block fire risk assessment is a short piece of work. Residential evacuation plan implementation across a large portfolio runs over months and is phased by risk, as does a compartmentation survey programme. Pay as you go is £95 per hour or £695 per day plus VAT and retained support runs from £250 per month upwards depending on scope. Send us a stock list and we will price against it rather than invent a figure.

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